In high-temperature environments (>200â), 42CrMo chromium-molybdenum alloy steel (such as A193 B7) should be used. It can withstand temperatures up to 480â and has a tensile strength of âĨ860 MPa.
Extremely cold environments (<-50â) recommend A320 L7 material with nickel-chromium-molybdenum composite strengthening.
Wedge-shaped lock washers (such as the Nord-Lock system) are used. The geometric structure with a slope angle greater than the thread rise angle is adopted to prevent vibration loosening, and the radial fine teeth form indentations on the contact surface.
Bolt/nut combinations for critical parts such as decks, bulkheads, and keels must comply with ISO 3506-3 standards.
Main unit base bolts must pass dynamic load tests. Material is mostly 316L stainless steel.
Mooring frame connection components must pass -40â low-temperature impact tests and comply with DNV-OS-C501.
Low-temperature flange bolts made of nickel-based alloys (e.g., Inconel 718) ensure sealing performance.
Locking nuts must have self-locking function. Material is duplex stainless steel 2205.
Foundation ring bolts must meet ISO 4014 tolerance grade (M24âM64).
Underwater fasteners require bio-adhesion protection treatment.
Prestressed anchor components must undergo 2 million fatigue tests and comply with EN 1090.